The flowchart below assists in selecting the proper control chart to use based on the data involved. Often when a group flowcharts an existing process, key discoveries are made and improvement opportunities are identified.
1920X1080 HD WALLPAPERS SOFTWARE
Kaoru Ishikawaġ0 Process Flow Diagrams Thought to have originated at Princeton University in the late 1940s to aid software development, flowcharts help us understand how processes work by using symbols and directional connecting lines to visually represent different process steps. With possible root causes agreed upon, improvement teams can collect specific data to validate, then investigate and apply solutions. Below is an example diagram for the poor sales QA scores. assist in organizing ideas for possible causal factors leading to the outcome at the “head” of the fish.
Major group categories along the “bones” such as Employees and Systems, etc. While stable for almost two years, performance dropped sharply for the most recent graduating class.ĩ Ishikawa Diagrams Ishikawa’s Fishbone diagram helps us to brainstorm (typically in groups) the causes that result in the effect we are trying to understand. Below, we see historical trending of sales attribute pass rates for new reps. Peaks are drops are readily visible on Run Charts, and can then be investigated. Charles Spearman Karl PearsonĨ Run Charts The basic idea behind a Run Chart is to display the trend in some attribute count or variable measure over time. Below is plotted data for average sales revenue and average points achieved for the QA form’s sales attributes. Statistics that are often used to measure the linear strength of relationships between variables include the Pearson Product-Moment correlation and Spearman Rank correlation. However, care should be taken to validate such relationships (for example, using designed experiments) less we be misled by undiscovered factors truly driving the results.
The pattern of the plotted data, as well as some calculated statistics, can expose possible cause and effect relationships. Vilfredo Pareto Joe Juranħ Scatter Plots Scatter plots are typically used to check for relationships between factors. The Pareto chart below reveals which QA attributes new reps failed most often, and we see that the top 3 drove over 60% of the attribute failures. Juran (aka the Father of Modern Quality Management) who applied this concept to quality, and designed a chart to effectively display the phenomenon that relatively few defect types typically comprise the bulk of the defectives (Juran, SP7518). Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto stated that 80% of the wealth is controlled by 20% of the population. In fact, some reps scored zero.ĥ Stratification Stratification, or the separation of data into different levels for analysis (in this case “tenure”), reveals that recently hired reps are struggling most with the QA process. We notice almost half of the scores are below the minimum. A red dashed line representing the minimum passing score has been added to help us judge performance. The histogram below shows the distribution of QA scores for all sales reps during a specific month. The results are analyzed for coaching and development of the sales force, and other endeavors.Ĥ Histograms A histogram is just a special type of column graph that displays frequencies or counts of something, enabling us to see how the data is distributed.
The QA analysts use recordings of the phone conversation between the sales rep and the customer, complete with synchronized video of the rep’s computer use during the call, to assess the sales rep’s performance on the various attributes. This form collects quality data from the efforts of QA analysts monitoring sales reps who sell over the phone (Telesales). While check sheets have their roots in paper forms, the computer form shown here is a great example of a modern check sheet. One of the most important is providing an organized way to collect data that lends to effective analysis. Kaoru Ishikawa Two popular additions that will be discussed are Stratification and Process Flow Diagrams.ģ Check Sheets Check sheets can serve several functions and are typically tailored to specific needs. The original seven tools as published by JUSE in Ishikawa’s acclaimed Guide to Quality Control (1968) are: Check Sheets Histograms Pareto Diagrams Scatter Diagrams Cause and Effect diagrams (aka “Ishikawa” or Fishbone Diagrams) Graphs (particularly Run Charts) Control Charts. Kaoru Ishikawa of the University of Tokyo who popularized their use in the Quality Circles of Japan during their Quality Revolution. Member, CQM, CSSGBĪlthough the Seven Basic Quality Tools were developed independently of each other, it was Dr.
0 kommentar(er)
